“The Economic Conditions of Morocco and Andalusia During the Almoravid Era During the Reign of Qadi Ayyad (d. 544 AH 1149 AD(”. Journal of the College of Basic Education, vol. 30, no. 133, Dec. 2025, pp. 467-82, https://doi.org/10.35950/cbej.v30i133.14057.