“Islamic Frontiers and Their Impact During the First Abbasid Era (132 AH - 227 AH | 750 AD - 842 AD)”. Journal of the College of Basic Education 29, no. 118 (April 16, 2023): 743–724. Accessed June 24, 2026. https://cbej.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq/index.php/cbej/article/view/10139.