Defensive fortifications and army organization in the first Abbasid era (132-247 AH / 749-861 AD) Baghdad as a model. cbej [Internet]. 2024 Jul. 25 [cited 2025 May 14];1(عدد خاص):842-61. Available from: https://cbej.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq/index.php/cbej/article/view/11762