Journal of the College of Basic Education
The Journal of the College of Basic Education (CBEJ) is a refereed scientific journal issued by the College of Basic Education / Al-Mustansiriya University (Baghdad - Iraq) every three months and in two parts, one part for humanities and educational sciences and one part for pure sciences. Its first issue was in 1994 under the name of the Journal of Teachers College, whose name was changed to correspond with the name of the college in 2004 to the Journal of the College of Basic Education. The magazine holds a digital identifier (DOI). It also holds the International Standard Number (ISSN). ISSN:18157467 (Print) ISSN: 2706-8536 (Electronic)
Modern Teaching Methods and Their Effectiveness in Enhancing English Language Teachers’ Pedagogical Skills
This research paper investigates the impact of modern teaching methods on enhancing the pedagogical skills of English language teachers. As education evolves to meet the needs of 21st-century learners, it is imperative for teaching strategies to adapt accordingly. The study explores a variety of modern teaching approaches—including Communicative Language Teaching, Task-Based Learning, the Flipped Classroom, Project-Based Learning, and Technology-Integrated Instruction—and evaluates their effectiveness in improving classroom dynamics, teacher performance, and student outcomes. Drawing from established learning theories and recent educational research, the paper highlights how these methods empower teachers to become facilitators of learning, integrate digital tools effectively, and foster a learner-centered environment. The findings suggest that while these approaches offer substantial benefits, their successful implementation requires professional development, institutional support, and continuous reflection. The paper concludes with practical recommendations for educators, curriculum developers, and policymakers
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of the College of Basic Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.15015
Raising Intercultural Awareness for Students: An Analysis of Cambridge English for Schools/ Student’s Book Three
The goal of the English as a second language course book is to increase students' awareness of the value of language use for more than just communication. It also intends to expand their understanding of the diverse cultures throughout the world, including their customs, social customs, and religious beliefs. Accordingly, this paper aims at presenting a general understanding of how learners encounter with other cultures which is the most important factor for successful communication with other cultures and to show how certain texts are important for developing learners’ critical culture awareness of other cultures. That is, through interact with their people to develop both intercultural and linguistic competence of learners. This study concludes that learning culture is an essential part of an ELT syllabus. Moreover, it shows us that centre’s cultural materials are detrimental to the cultures of the periphery countries. Classroom activities can enable the learners to expand their linguistic abilities, become language users that are more competent and develop appropriate attitudes vital for intercultural communication exchanges that are efficient.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.15014
Navigating the Future: Overcoming Implementation Obstacles for AI Integration in Iraqi Higher Education
The potential and possibility of globally transforming the functions of teaching and learning can come from the incorporation of artificial intelligence into higher education. Nevertheless, in Iraqi contexts, this process is still in its initial stages, facing multifaceted implementation challenges. This study aims to address a central research problem: identifying the primary obstacles that hinder the effective integration of AI in Iraqi higher education, particularly from socio-cultural, institutional, and technical perspectives. Although only a limited number of implementation variables were analyzed, the study provides a foundational step toward understanding broader systemic barriers. In response to this problem, the study employs a mixed-methods approach to explore the perceptions of faculty and administrators, guided by an implicit hypothesis that institutional and infrastructural limitations significantly influence the adoption of AI. Furthermore, while a validated instrument was not initially discussed in detail, the research process included key reliability and ethical considerations to ensure data integrity. Iraq stands at a critical crossroads where artificial intelligence can enable it to bypass outdated pedagogical models and transition into globally competitive educational standards. AI offers a strategic solution to systemic issues like low educational quality, insufficient resources, and outdated curricula. Through practical mechanisms and policy reform suggestions, the study ultimately presents a roadmap for AI integration that promotes inclusive learning and skill development, thereby fostering Iraq’s social and economic growth.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.15013
The Preference and Use of the Deductive and Inductive Approaches to Teaching Grammar by EFL College Instructors
The English language has its own distinctive grammatical rules, which form the foundation of the language in real use. Thus, teaching grammar is so important for EFL teachers. Mainly, there are two approaches for teaching grammar; deductive and inductive. Teachers adopt either the deductive approach which is rule- given,, or the inductive approach which refers to rule -driven. The study aims to explore the EFL college instructors' preference and use of deductive and inductive approaches for teaching grammar. Two questionnaires were adopted and answered by the sample. The sample consists of 24 instructors who teach college students. The results revealed that the majority EFL college instructors were concentrating on using a deductive rather than an inductive approach to teaching grammar and they believe in the effectiveness of the deductive approach in teaching grammar. In conclusion, TEFL is in rapid development and many new trends and methods appear, so college instructors should be aware of them and they should also vary the method of teaching used in the lecture to break boredom , to stimulate critical thinking, and to raise enthusiasm .
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.15012
The Effect of Using Intensive and Extensive Techniques to Develop Iraqi Learners' Ability in Reading Comprehension
Reading comprehension is considered to be the most useful and important skill that occupies an important goal in the teaching English as a FL. It can be said that teaching FL is not teaching reading skill, but reading comprehension skill is an important in teaching language as all. This study aims at investigating the effect of using intensive and extensive techniques in teaching reading comprehension on the achievement of the second stage. The following null hypothesis has been posed: "There is no a statistically significant difference between the achievement scores of the subjects in the pre-and the post test of reading comprehension." It is found that the success of intensive and extensive techniques led to an important change in students' performance in learning FL. In the light of the outcomes, some recommendations and suggestions for further studies are made.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.15011
Iraqi EFL Students’ Perceptions on The Relationship between Artificial Intelligence Technology and Improving Academic Performance: Case Study: Al-Mustansaiyia University
This study has conducted to investigate Iraqi EFL students’ perceptions on the relationship between artificial intelligence technology and improving academic performance in Al-Mustansaryia University. The researcher utilized Descriptive Corelational Quantitative. The researcher prepared a closed-ended questionnaire for the purpose of collecting and analyzing data according to the frequency and repetition of the participants' answers. 150 English language Iraqi students from different parts of Iraq. This finding highlights the importance of AI in improving academic performance and suggests that incorporating AI technologies into educational settings can positively impact on students' learning outcomes. While there seems to be a high correlation between AI and academic performance, other factors might possibly be at play. To determine and comprehend the mechanisms via which AI improves performance, more investigation and analysis would be required.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.15010
Gendered Language in Advertising: A Critical Stylistic Perspective
This paper investigates how gender is linguistically constructed in advertising through the lens of Critical Stylistics. Drawing on Jeffries’ (2010) analytical tools and informed by Halliday’s transitivity model and Butler’s theory of gender performativity, the study explores how advertisements encode gendered ideologies through subtle linguistic choices. A purposive sample of ten gender-targeted advertisements from print and digital media was analyzed using stylistic tools such as naming and describing, transitivity, modality, and oppositional pairing. The findings reveal consistent patterns that align femininity with beauty, softness, and emotionality, while portraying masculinity in terms of power, action, and control. These portrayals are not arbitrary but ideologically driven, reinforcing traditional gender norms. However, a minority of the texts offer progressive alternatives, suggesting a potential shift in how gender is represented in advertising discourse. The study highlights the utility of Critical Stylistics in revealing hidden ideologies within everyday media and calls for more conscious language use in advertising to challenge gender stereotypes and promote diversity.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.15009
The Polyphonic Appeal and the Subversion of Stereotypes: Hanif Kureishi’s "We're Not Jews" and Leila Aboulela’s "The Museum" as Case Studies
Hanif Kureishi’s "We're Not Jews" and Leila Aboulela’s "The Museum" explore the notions of cultural differences and the feelings of otherness which cross-cultural encounter generates. Writing from the British diaspora, both Kureishi and Aboulela have linked these notions with the ambivalent feelings of their characters. How can double-consciousness act as a strategic power of subversion of the British Empire’s claim to homogeneity? The research will answer this question. Moreover, it shows how interracial mixing, which often produces conflicting feelings for whoever displays visible signs of difference such as skin color in the supposedly homogeneous culture of Britain, can motivate some characters to configure themselves as culturally similar to, yet different from, the British . The research underlines the contradictory nature of colonial encounters which can have a dual effect on both the colonizer and the colonized. It highlights the subversive significance of these intersecting experiences in relation to the notion of performativity of culture. It addresses cultural in-betweenness in an attempt to rethink cultural identity and deconstruct the myth of racial homogeneity that the British Empire propagates. The research shows how cultural hybridization is represented by Kureishi and Aboulela as being a disempowering and an empowering experience through applying the theories of community and the deconstruction techniques, which are introduced by Homi Bhabha, Mikhail Bakhtin, and Jean-Luc Nancy, to the selected texts under study.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.15008
الدور العلمي والفكري للعباس بن علي(عليه السلام) واقعة الطف انموذجا
The importance of the study lies in searching for (the intellectual and scientific role of Abbas bin Ali, peace be upon him), and this aspect is worthy of study and attention, especially since libraries are scarce in searching for the history of this great Imam, as She focused her attention on researching wicked figures, while marginalizing the righteous and great figures who had a significant impact in changing the behavior of many people for the better and more complete. As for our choice of this topic, it is due to the status of Abu al-Fadl al-Abbas and his heroic role in the Battle of Karbala. This role reflected his thought and knowledge. To fill the gap in studies on his scientific heritage, researchers have neglected to mention his intellectual and scientific role, forgetting that his thought
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.15007
العدوى الانفعالية وعلاقتها بالتحصيل الأكاديمي لطلبة قسم اللغة العربية
The current research aims to: Identify the level of emotional infection among students of the Department of Arabic Language. Identify the significance of the differences in the level of emotional infection among students of the Arabic Language Department according to the gender variable (males - females). To achieve the objectives of the research, the steps of the descriptive approach were followed, and the research sample consisted of (140) male and female students from the Department of Arabic Language, and a scale prepared by (Al-Shammari, 2013) was adopted for emotional infection, which consists of (18) paragraph, which falls under five alternatives to the answer: (always, often, rarely, sometimes, never) take when correcting (1,2,3,4,5), as the data was processed statistically using: - T test for one sample - T test for two independent samples The following results were reached: Students of the Arabic Language Department at the College of Education for Human Sciences / University of Anbar have an emotional infection. There are statistically significant differences in academic achievement among students of the Arabic Language Department according to the gender variable (males - females) and in favor of females. Identify the academic level of the students of the Arabic Language Department. Recognize the correlation between emotional infection
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.15006
The Dual System in Arabic An Approach in Light of Multiple Linguistic Methods
The research presented the view that the saying of the dual in Arabic is a linguistic defect that must be eliminated, as the research responded to this accusation with multiple approaches, and concluded that the saying of the dual in Arabic is a complete (progressive) and refined (uniform ending) saying, and expresses parsing, brevity, and rhythm, and it is not a saying that is new to the system. The linguistic meaning of Arabic is rather pervasive, and one of the clearest manifestations.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.15005
Preceding Berber Poetry: A Rhetorical Study
Most of Sabiq al-Barbari’s poetry deals with asceticism and wisdom, and the ascetic poet is no different from others in his interest in this artistic aspect. The title of the research is (Sabiq al-Barbari’s Poetry: A Rhetorical Study). It is based on a summary, an introduction, and three sections. The first section deals with the imperative styles (command, prohibition, interrogation, and calling) and the analysis of some poetic verses of these styles. The second research deals with the rhetorical styles (simile, Metaphor, metonymy) and an analysis of some poetic verses using these techniques. The third section deals with rhetorical devices (alliteration, alliteration) and an analysis of some poetic verses using these techniques. This research was supported by multiple sources and references, including books on literature and rhetoric.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.15004
Inspiration for the story of Mary (peace be upon her) in contemporary Najaf poetry
The Holy Quran has greatly influenced poets, and this influence has been evident since its revelation until the present day. However, the process of quoting from the Quranic text has varied according to the poet's culture and the environment in which they live. The Quranic story is one of the most captivating poetic themes, and poets have sought to utilize it in various poetic forms. Our research examines the story of the Virgin Mary, peace be upon her, and its influence on contemporary Najaf poetry. Poets have benefited from the story through allusive intertextuality by incorporating the Quranic meanings it contains into their poems. The poets had a goal, including embodying the content of patience, willpower, and endurance of pain in the character of the Virgin Mary. In addition, the poets have benefited from the artistic aspects of the story, which is reflected in their poems by producing artistic images characterized by novelty and innovation.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.15003
The depiction of tears in nature poetry in the Diwan of Ibn al-Mu'tazz."
The Abbasids were deeply interested in the beauty of nature, utilizing its agricultural, water, and animal resources. People became enchanted by its breathtaking scenery, including the poet Abdullah ibn al-Mu‘tazz, who described it and poured his joys and sorrows into it. The poet embodied tears with various descriptions, focusing on their artistic and symbolic function as expressions of different emotions. In the context of the ruined campsite (ṭalal), he described tears as flowing, justified, confused, and weeping—giving them a sorrowful, negative connotation. In the theme of rainy nature, tears appeared in similes, likened to drops of dew, rain, and clouds in their pure, sparkling, and glistening form. Here, a new aesthetic vision emerged, linking human emotion to nature, with joy—not sorrow—as the source of tears, giving them a positive meaning. In cosmic nature (such as the night), he likened the night to a bereaved woman weeping in a moment of loss and pain—giving tears a tragic and deeply sorrowful connotation. The cooing of doves stirred Ibn al-Mu‘tazz’s emotions in the theme of living nature (animals: doves and turtledoves). The poet compared his own tears with those of the doves, finding his tears superficial in comparison to the heartfelt weeping of the bird. He shared his sorrow with the bird, joining it in mourning and lamentation. Thus, the meaning of tears here is emotional and sorrowful, symbolizing the poet's loneliness and pain. In this way, tears became a symbol of the poet’s emotions.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.15002
قراءة ابن القيم الجوزية لآراء سيبويه- كتاب إرشاد السالك إلى حل ألفية ابن مالك
This research examines and investigates the views of Sibawayh (d. 181 AH) in one of the commentaries on Ibn Malik's (d. 672 AH) Alfiyyah, the commentary by Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah (d. 767 AH), entitled "Guidance for the Traveler to Solve Ibn Malik's Alfiyyah." It compares these views with what is contained in Sibawayh's book. The aim is to document and verify what is attributed to Sibawayh in this commentary, to understand the commentator's understanding of Sibawayh's doctrine, and to verify the correctness of his understanding and the accuracy of the transmission. It has been shown that a number of opinions contradicted the author's intentions, sometimes due to misunderstanding and other times to intermediary transmission. However, most opinions were consistent with what was stated in the book.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.15001
تحديث الخطاب الأدبي: قراءة في الأنماط الثقافية العربية المعاصرة
Modernizing the Literary Discourse: A Study in Contemporary Arab Cultural Patterns.The modernization of Arab literary discourse seeks to deconstruct traditional binaries between heritage and modernity through the interaction of texts with shifting cultural realities. Novels and poetry are redefining identity through concepts liberated from monolithic historical narratives, while modernization efforts manifest in adopting hybrid narrative styles that draw from myth and digital technology. Literary innovation extends beyond form to activate dialogue with cultural "margins," such as youth and women’s voices, through texts that reject ideological rigidity and redefine symbolic power structures. This transformation represents an attempt to restore Arabic literature’s role as a vital space for generating critical awareness of contemporary challenges, while remaining interconnected with global cultural and creative entanglements.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.15000
Elegy of the Arab leader and his images in Abbasid poetry
Abbasid poetry is one of the most prominent literary forms in Arab history, reflecting the social and political transformations witnessed during the Abbasid era. One of the topics that occupied a significant portion of poets' attention was the elegies of Arab leaders. These poems embody feelings of loss and pain and highlight the values ​​these leaders represented in the eyes of their people. Elegies in Abbasid poetry are characterized by eloquence and emotional depth, with poets using a variety of techniques to convey feelings of grief while evoking the achievements and deeds of their leaders. The research aims to explore the images of elegy for Arab leaders in Abbasid poetry by analyzing selected poetic models, studying the social and political dimensions that shaped this type of elegy, and analyzing how poets used elegy for leaders as a means of expressing their national feelings. Such as the use of syntactic parallelism, similes, interrogation, vocatives and synonymous sentences, with the emergence of moral images that reflect eternity, such as generosity, patience and heroism, and rhetorical methods that reflect sadness and pride at the same time.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.14999
Educational linguistics and its interests
This research deals with the subject of educational linguistics as one of important branches of linguistics in field of language teaching and learning methods, because it focuses on the study of language in the context of teaching and learning, in addition to its interest in how language is acquired, taught, or learned. It combines linguistic and psycolinguistics in order to understand how to improve language teaching and learning processes, and promoting effective communication in different educational contexts. The nature of the research was required to be divided into three sections, that deals with the definition of linguistics in terms of the relationship between educational linguistics and applied linguistics and the concept of each. In addition to explaining the methods, tasks, and principles of linguistics.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.14998
Since the late nineteenth century, the concept of "language"—its nature, function, and study—began to change. This shift prompted continuous efforts by Western scholars to study most of the world's languages descriptively, historically, and comparatively, aiming to develop a general theory or theories of "language" that reveal its true nature, origins, and evolution. They also sought to identify the general "laws" or principles common to human languages and to refine linguistic study methods and tools. This development led to the transfer of Arabic vocabulary into world languages through translation movements and cultural exchange. Islamic conquests, trade, and culture contributed to the spread of Arabic terms across the East and West. European languages borrowed many Arabic words related to sciences such as mathematics, astronomy, and medicine.Arabic also spread into Asian languages like Persian and Turkish, especially in religious terminology. In Africa, Arabic influenced local languages through religious and cultural contact.This linguistic blending reflects the civilizational role of the Arabic language throughout history.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.14997
The mask is a new technique that has entered the realm of modern poetry, giving it one of its main characteristics within the process of employing symbols. The mask is part of the symbol, or rather, an aspect of the symbolic process. It is entirely possible for any elaborate mask to rise to the level and effectiveness of the symbol. Poets have resorted to the mask as an artistic means of expressing their experiences indirectly. It is a newly emerging technique in contemporary Arabic poetry. Its use has been widespread since the 1960s, influenced by Western poetry and its innovative techniques, to tone down the lyricism and directness of poetry. The poet imbues this character with his own features and borrows from theirs, creating a mask that is neither the character nor the poet, but rather the poet and the character together. This study aimed to uncover Muzaffar al-Nawab's use of this technique, the extent to which he benefited from it, the manner in which this benefit was reflected in his use of this technique, and the extent to which he employed it. In this study, the researcher identified and classified al-Nawab's important masks in his poetry
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.14996
Shanfara held a high position in his tribe.He was its voice and the defender of its existence towards other tribes.Hence ,his existence was linked to his tribe as part of its social structure ,which bore the responsibility of elevating the status of that tribe before others and defending it , in the face of him ,if something happened to it .of the is one shanfara hard to (vagrant)poets who strove break out of the prevailing social system that was unjust to them ,as they believed,and to search for their existence , especially in his (Lamiyyah) ,which is a model that can be relied upon.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.14995
Textual interaction and its role in the coherence of the Qur’anic text A Study of Selected Examples from the Holy Qur'an
The research aims to shed light on linguistic elements, whether textual or extratextual, as they are an important driver of coherence. Coherence may be viewed as inherent in the text, a view that is highly accurate, as the Qur'anic text possesses elements of coherence and its potential, ranging from formulas and structures to semantics. Coherence may also exist outside the text, meaning that the recipient is the one who judges a text to be coherent. The elements of textual interaction are not hidden from us, as they are not related to the text alone, but rather extend beyond it to its recipient, sender, context, and all elements of the communication process. The text, with its contents and interacting elements, generates internal harmony, and the recipient, with his culture and thought, qualifies him to interact with this or that text in different ways, in addition to the role of the context and the rest of the elements of the communication process in this interaction between the text and the recipient, from which harmony is generated between the two parties. Therefore, the internal or external textual interaction was the result of the general harmony in the entire communication process, especially between the text and its recipient. Due to the narrow scope of the research, we adhered to selected models, and the research relied on the descriptive and analytical approaches
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.14994
الأدب البيئي ومساهمته في تنمية الضمير البيئي لدى المتلقي
Objectives of the study: -The aim of this study to identify the features of (Eco- literature) and setting a definition of its own, in order to create a new methodological framework based on the innovative critical foundations , which will create an incubator for a new critical approach that will pave a way for itself within soft, unstable ground, which has resulted in what is known as Eco-criticism. Methodology:- This study relies on the descriptive and inductive approach, which includes tracing the roots of eco- literature after a literature that is making its way towards uniqueness and specialization, as it carries awareness and feeling of the environmental phenomena around it and opens the crucible of human thought about the necessity of sharing the universe with other environmental elements. Questions of the study:-This study poses a number of questions about the nature of this literature: What are the criteria by which we evaluate literature so that it falls under the framework of eco- literature? Have human cultures, ancient and modern, distinguished what falls under the name of eco- literature or not? If this literature exists, has it gained legitimacy and established its specificity such that its presence within general literature is established? Or are we looking at a nascent Eco- literature? Conclusion:- The study concluded that the most important condition for eco- literature is the creator’s eco- awareness and his vision towards his surroundings and environment. The second condition that must be met in literature is the idea of ​​environmental balance or Eco-justice. As for the third condition that must be met in eco- literature is the moral orientation of the.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.14993
The imperative constructional methods in the poetry of Da’bal Al-Khuza’i (d. 246 AH) - The Ta’iyyah Poem as a Model -
This study dealt with the imperative construction methods of Du’bal Al-Khuza’I, The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach to address it, Because it requires tracing and analyzing these constructional methods and linking each poetic witness to its rhetorical context, Through these methods, Al-Khaza’i was able to penetrate the metaphorical connotations of the poetic text, Which enabled him to express his emotional reactions towards the pure Imams (peace be upon them), Therefore, these methods formed a prominent phenomenon in his Ta’iyyah poem. That is why we decided to study these methods in Al-Khaza’i’s poetry, To realize the extent of the scope of these methods in his poem from the moral and semantic perspective.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.14992
The Trace of the Arabic Language on the Rest of the World's Languages
"The Trace of the Arabic Language on the Rest of the World's Languages"This research explores the deep and multifaceted influence of the Arabic language on various world languages. Far beyond its religious role, Arabic has served as a powerful cultural and linguistic force, shaping vocabularies, structures, and thought patterns in diverse regions across history.The study identifies five primary factors that facilitated the spread of Arabic: Islam, Islamic conquests, scientific and cultural achievements, trade, and geographic proximity. These factors helped embed Arabic not only lexically but also morphologically, phonetically, semantically, and syntactically in several languages, especially Persian, Turkish, Urdu, Swahili, and Spanish.;The research highlights how Arabic root patterns and morphological structures were adopted and adapted in recipient languages. It also sheds light on how religious terms and Islamic concepts were integrated unchanged, becoming foundational to the religious and legal discourse in these societies.During the Islamic Golden Age, Arabic's scientific prestige led to widespread translation efforts, which transferred thousands of Arabic terms and ideas into Latin and other European languages. The impact of Arabic persisted, forming the backbone of linguistic interaction in many Islamic communities, and remains visible today despite modern linguistic shifts.Ultimately, the research concludes that Arabic’s influence was not merely lexical but structural and philosophical—contributing deeply to the formation of thought and cultural identity in a wide array of linguistic systems.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.14991
Manifestations of the Other in the Poetry of Mujbir al-Siqilli (d. 540 AH)
This study aims to explore the position of the self in relation to the other by tracing the network of relationships that connect them—relationships that played a significant role in shaping the poetic experience of Mujbir al-Siqilli, in terms of thematic diversity and multiplicity of discursive forms. The poet expressed his view of the other in its various forms and representations through a poetic experience driven by personal and subjective motives. In this context, speaking about the other is, in essence, an expression of the self, as the relationship between the self and the other is interactive and inseparable. The self cannot be formed or understood in isolation from the other, and the existence of the other is only realized through this continuous interaction with the sel The poet’s discourse on the other represents, in part reflection of his existential view of identity. The other, through its contrast, becomes either a source of temptation or a cause for caution. Through this duality, one can discern the extent to which the Arab individual acknowledges the other and draws upon his civilizational achievements. The concept of the other has found its place in psychological and social studies, yet it received little attention in classical Arabic literature, where it was only indirectly addressed through Arab interactions with other nations. This research poses the central question: To what extent is the other present in the poetry of Mujbir al-Siqilli? From this question arise several others that the study seeks to answer, such as: What were the means and channels through which the Arab encountered the other?
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.14974
The Effect of The Prior Knowledge Activation Strategy on The Achievement of Second-Grade Middle School Students In The Arabic Grammar Subject.
The current research aims to identify (the effect of the strategy of activating prior knowledge on the achievement of second-grade intermediate students in the subject of Arabic grammar). The researcher followed the experimental method with partial control. The research sample was (64) students in (Al-Bayda Intermediate School for Boys( affiliated with (the General Directorate of Education in Baghdad Governorate / First Rusafa). The researcher rewarded some variables, prepared the necessary objectives and teaching plans, taking into account the opinions of experts and specialists. The research tool was a post-test for achievement. Ready-made criteria were adopted for correction, and some appropriate statistical methods were used. The results showed: (The superiority of the students of the experimental group who studied with the strategy of activating prior knowledge over the students of the control group who studied in the usual way.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.14973
Self-advocacy among kindergarten teachers
This study aims to Identify self-advocacy among kindergarten teachers as well as the differences in the significance of emotional confidence among kindergarten teachers according to the service variable. To achieve these goals, the researcher followed the descriptive approach. The study population consisted of kindergarten teachers in Wasit Governorate. The study sample was selected from 400 teachers using the stratified random sampling method with proportional dIstribution. To measure self-advocacy, the researcher developed a scale based on Harris's (2009) model. The scale consists of 31 Items distributed over five dimensions. The psychometric properties of the scale were verified through the discriminatory power and the correlation coefficient between the items and the total score. The validity and reliability of the scale were also confirmed, with the test-retest reliability coefficient reaching 0.821, while the Cronbach's alpha coefficient reached 0.813. Research results: Kindergarten teachers enjoy a high level of self-advocacy. It was found that there Is a difference in advocacy according to the length of service, and this difference favors teachers who have had more than (15) years of service. It has been shown here that long experiencee is a supporting factor for self-advocacy.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.14972
Representations of presence and absence in ( the visit of the Sumerian Lady ) by ( Hasab Sheikh Jaafar )
There are many manifestations of semantic opposition in poetry it's a rich system of semantic opposition that are described as opposing dualities that formed an effective expressive system in the poets expressive system . presence and absence constitute two focal points as they contain high enlightening energy that illuminates the text and expressive momentum because they represent an advanced state of coding it contains an encrypted semantic depth , as the deep elements of text work very effectively to direct the text and more it's internal elements .
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.14971
The Age of Enlightenment and its scientific impact on the European Renaissance
The research deals with the Age of Enlightenment and its scientific impact on the European scientific renaissance. The Age of Enlightenment is a philosophical movement whose ideas dominated Europe during the eighteenth century AD (and sometimes its beginning is traced back to the mid-seventeenth century). It was based on the idea that reason is the primary source of authority and legitimacy. The culture of the Age of Enlightenment was established in most European countries and cultural exchange took place between many European countries. The scholars of the Age of Enlightenment also presented many scientific achievements and discoveries that have had an impact to the present time. Therefore, the research was important in providing an overview of the Age of Enlightenment and the most important scientific discoveries and achievements, focusing on the impact of this era on the scientific renaissance in Europe. The research was divided into an introduction in which we presented the importance of the research, the reason for choosing it, the methodology, the time and place framework, and three chapters. The first chapter dealt with defining the Age of Enlightenment and its trends. The second chapter dealt with mentioning the most important scientific discoveries and achievements in various sciences. The third chapter discussed the impact of these discoveries and achievements on the scientific renaissance in Europe. The research ends with a conclusion in which the most important results reached by the research were presented.
10.35950/cbej.v1iوقائع المؤتمر الانساني والتربوي والنفسي.14970