Obligatory Rulings in Islamic Jurisprudence

Abstract

This research examines the topic of "Obligatory Rulings in the Science of Islamic Jurisprudence (Usul al-Fiqh)," given its fundamental role in regulating the relationship between the individual and the divine address of the Wise Lawgiver, encompassing actions, omissions, and choices. The research's significance lies in clarifying the fundamental principles upon which legal rulings are based, and in demonstrating the impact of understanding the levels of obligation and omission in the life of a Muslim.

The research employs a thematic approach, dividing into four main sections:

The first section is dedicated to defining the concepts of "ruling" according to the scholars of Islamic jurisprudence, distinguishing between legal rulings and rational rulings, and explaining the nature of God's address concerning the actions of those obligated to follow Islamic law. The second section addresses the realm of "commanded acts," represented by the obligatory and its forms, and the recommended and its degrees, clarifying the subtle differences between them in terms of reward and punishment.

The third section explores the realm of "prohibited acts," elaborating on the forbidden and its severity, the disliked and its consequences, and clarifying the difference between definitive and non-definitive prohibitions. The fourth section explores the scope of permissible actions (mubah), then moves on to examine the theory of obligation and dispensation (rukhsah), demonstrating the leniency of Islamic law and its consideration of unforeseen circumstances and human excuses.The research concludes with a summary of the most important findings, which affirm that the jurisprudence of obligatory rulings is not merely a theoretical classification, but rather the key to a correct understanding of the objectives of Islamic law and its practical application in a way that fulfills the interests of people in this life and the hereafter.