The effect of Nerium oleander plant extracts on the lysis of human red blood cells and the possibility of using them as a rodenticide

Abstract

 The current study aimed detected about the effect of the ethanolic extract &aqueous hot leaves extract of   nerium plant on the red blood cells of human (in vitro), on rodents (in-vivo), the study divided into three sections. First section detection routine (chemical) components active in the plant, the results observed the ethanolic extract that contain tannins ,glycosidase,  carbohydrate , saponins and alkaloids, while the aqueous hot extract had contain  glycosidase, carbohydrate. and saponins. The second section included the study of the effect of these extracts on the blood cells of the human using test tube  and measure the diameters of the heamolysis  on the blood agar media , the results showed increased the  of the lysis of  erythrocytes humans by using extract of leaves of the nerium plant, ethanolic extract the most effective in the increased the lysis erythrocytes by   processing time 1.5 min, while the processing time of  aqueous extract 2 min .The results of measuring the diameters of  the heamolysis  of  blood on the blood  agar, that show the highest effect than the ethanolic extract at 0.5 mg/ml conc. by inhibition zone reached to 18mm ,12 mm at the conc.0.5 and 0.1 mg/ml respectively. About the aqueous extract the highest inhibitions zone 15mm on the 0.5 mg/ml conc. and 10 mm on the 0.1 mg/ml conc. The third section included studying the toxic effect of the extract types on the rats by (0.1, 0.3, 0.5) mg /ml, to the animal when through the mouth (oral).  The rustles were different by the kill time for the animal. The lowest kill time for the ethanolic extract for the rat 2hr. in 0.5 mg/ml conc. And the lowest kill time for rat in 5hr.in 0.1mg/ml. The aqueous extract that given less to be killed 6hr. in 0.5 mg/ml conc., and increased to 11hr. in 0.3mg/ml conc. Finally accompanied the process of destruction of animals (rodents) neurological disorders by loss of the balance and stiffness of the tail of the heartbeat, and development, noisy and paralysis then paralysis associated hind limbs extension, followed by death.