The Effect of Functional Strength Training on Some Physical Abilities and Biomechanical Variables in the Accuracy of the Smashing Skill of Youth Volleyball Players

Abstract

Research objectives: To develop a training curriculum based on functional strength training. To identify the effect of functional strength training on some physical abilities and biomechanical variables in the accuracy of the smashing skill of youth volleyball players. To identify the differences between the experimental and control research groups in some physical abilities and biomechanical variables in the accuracy of the smashing skill of youth volleyball players. The research population was determined as the Al-A'dhamiyah Sports Club (males) players for the 2024-2025 sports season, totaling 21 players from the youth category. The researcher selected the research sample using a systematic random sampling method, which was divided into two groups: an experimental and a control group, with (6) players per group, representing 57.14% of the research population. Defining the Research Variables: In applying the dependent variables of the research, the researcher relied on selecting physical abilities represented by determining the explosive power of the arms, the distinctive speed-related strength of the arms, and the distinctive speed-related strength of the legs as physical variables; shoulder angle, elbow angle, and wrist angle as biokinematic variables; and smash skill as a volleyball skill. The researcher relied on conducting a pre-test, then conducting a research experiment for ten weeks, with two training sessions per week, with a duration of 120 minutes per training session. After that, the post-test was conducted. The researcher relied on the statistical package to arrive at his research results and conclusions, the most important of which was that functional training showed a significant increase in the physical strength of the players, with an improvement in some biomechanical variables, which contributed to improving smash performance. One of the most important recommendations is to develop a training program that includes regular functional strength training, including exercises such as weightlifting, bodyweight exercises, and resistance exercises, to ensure the enhancement of the physical strength necessary to perform smash effectively.