The Efficiency of Spatial Distribution of Banking Services at the Trade Bank of Iraq in Baghdad for the Year 2024 - ATM Service

Abstract

Automated teller machines (ATMs) have become an important service, especially after the state's policy of moving towards electronic transactions in financial transactions and encouraging people to make the transition. Therefore, this research comes to study ATMs and their banking services that operate as an integrated and connected network between bank branches and ATMs to meet the needs of a large segment of customers. The Trade Bank of Iraq was chosen because it is one of the recently emerged government banks, especially in the commercial sector, as it accounts for 80% of trade finance business in Iraq .The bank was established in 2003 and has 26 branches in Baghdad and the governorates, a representative office in Abu Dhabi - United Arab Emirates and a branch in Riyadh - Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, all of which work to provide ATM services specifically, which the researcher will endeavor to show their distribution and explain the reason for that distribution, taking into account the statement of their efficiency and standing behind the problems facing the beneficiaries of this service at the level of the city of Baghdad, which represents the research area. To achieve this, the research was structured into three sections. The first research was devoted to defining the ATM service and the types of electronic cards that it works on and the factors affecting the distribution of banking services. The second topic was devoted to the spatial and relative distribution of the ATM services of the Trade Bank of Iraq in the city of Baghdad for the year 2024. The third topic presented the spatial distribution patterns of the ATM services of the Trade Bank of Iraq in the city of Baghdad and their efficiency for the year 2024. The research showed that there are four types of distribution of the bank’s ATMs, where the highest number was within the government and service institutions, , which confirms the strength of the proximity factor to government and service institutions and other factors in the distribution of ATMs within the city. The distribution pattern of ATMs in Baghdad also indicates a clear concentration in the city center, especially within the boundaries of the Karkh municipality, which contains the highest concentration of governmental and commercial institutions. the research showed that the largest percentage of customers arrive within a period ranging between (20-30 minutes). The means of transportation used was the customer's personal car, at a rate of (82%) of the sample size. This is due to their feeling of greater security when withdrawing money, not because the ATMs are far from their areas of residence or work.