The history of modern Basra in Russian sources

Abstract

This attempt to deal with the modern history of Basra through Russian sources came as an attempt to reveal other aspects of the city's history that are not political due to its commercial importance due to its location in the north of the Arabian Gulf, especially since the specificity of this study comes from the fact that this period of Basra's history has witnessed political competition between the state Ottoman and Britain in most of the years of study, as well as the emergence of the Russian and German competitor, in the attempt of each party to impose its hegemony on the region,