Research Title: Standard Vowels and Their Impact on Arabic Phonetic Phenomena

Abstract

    The standardization of Arabic vowels stems from their grammatical function, as they contribute to the construction of grammatical meaning. There is no fourth vowel or fourth lengthening sound in grammatical analysis. As for the level of phonetic performance, they emerge from their abstract form into their diversity, so it becomes clear to us that the standardization of Arabic vowels is not only from the grammatical aspect but also from the phonetic aspect, by measuring them on the Daniel Jones diagram. With the existence of the kasra, ya, damma, waw, fatha, and alif, we find the other vowels manifesting their forms and images in phonetic phenomena. Among them are phenomena that are concerned with the quality of the vowel, so the fatha and alif are transformed from thinning to inclination or emphasis. Or the vowel sound is mixed with the vowel sound, forming a compound movement such as nasalization, or phenomena that are concerned with quantity and quality, so the movements are transformed from a short movement (short vowel) to a long movement (long vowel) or vice versa, which is represented by the phenomenon of lengthening and shortening, or phenomena that deal with speech rhythm such as stress and intonation, and some of them are considered an ancient dialectal behavior as old as Proto-Semitic, which Arabic has preserved until it has remained to this day, and these phenomena overlap in the levels of language, so they cannot be stripped of their linguistic functions as short and long vowels, or assigned to one level over another.